Democracy le Laimi (1)

By F. LaiLen

Mi tam-u duhnak in sermi uknak

Democracy timi biafang hi Kawlramchung um Laimi le kadang hmundang um Laimi hna lakah 2010 kum hrawng cun a hung lar ngai dawh in a um. Atu hi cabia ahhin Democracy konglam hrilhfiah le fianter kha ka thiam lai lo caah, cu kongkau tial cu kaa tim lo. Democracy kha hman tik le tep tikah zeidah a lawh ti le, kannih mizapi nih zei tuanvo dah kan ngei i, zeibantuk covo dah kan ngei ve ti leitu in chim le tial ka duh. Cucaah ka cabia hi a sau ngai te lai si kaw, ka topic hi 1, 2 le 3 tibantuk in then in ka tial thluahmah te hnga ding a si. A si ah, kan Laimi nih kan theihnak ah Democracy timi cu “mizapi duhnak uk” ti rumro in kan chim lengmangva  si kaw, mah cu biafang kan hmanmi cu a dik in a hman maw?

Democracy timi cu mizapi duhnak in uknak a si lo.A si zong a si kho lomi a si. Zeitik hmanh zongah “mizapi duhnak in uk”  phung cu a chuak kho lai lo. Minung zakhat chungah zakhat bak nih duhmi uknak cu, hi vawleicung ahhin chuah dawh zong a si lo.Nain, a hrut cikcek mi lawngte umnak ram le hmun ah, mifim pakhatte lawng va um sehlaw, cu pa/nu a nawl cu va zul dih hna sehlaw, mahcu lawnglawng ahcun a chuak khomi, a si khomi a va si hnga.Cu bantuk uknak phung zong cu zeitik hmanhah a chuak kho fawn lai lo. Cucaah, minung zakhat chungah minung (51) le a cunglei tamdeuh nih duhnak in ukmi cu a si kho ko. Mah cucu Democracy uknak phung kan timi cu a si. Cuti a si caah, Democracy timi cu mi tam-u duhnak in uknak phung, tiah ti cang usi law a tha hnga lo maw?

Mi cheukhat nih, Democracy cu “mipi duhnak in uk” tiah fawitahlat in an ti theo tawn. Kei cu ka zum lo, ka pom fawn lo. Ziah tiah, “mipi” timi kan Laiholh kha aping ah an hman sual caah a si. Kan Laiholh ah “mipi” timi cu: mifim, mithawng, mirum, mi lianngan, mi thilti kho, mi thawngtha… tiin a sullam a um caah, kannih zapi zaran le mizaraan cu “mipi” ah kan itel kho lai lo. Cu bantuk mipi in a khah in an khahnak ram zong kan thei rih hna lo. Kei hawi hna chinchin hi cu, hmailei kum thongkhat a rauh hmanhah “mipi” ah kaa tel kho lai lo. Cuti a si caah,  mifim, mithawng, mirum, mi lianngan,, mi thilti kho, mi thawngtha vialte caah sermi uknak cu hi vawleicung kan nunchung ahhin ser khawh dawh le, hmuh khawh dawh in a um lai, tihi ka zumlo. Democracy uknak timi mi tam-u duhnak uk phung zong hi a thatuk ko nain, hinak a thadeuhmi uknak phung hi an hmuhchuah khawh rih lo caah, atu lioah a thabik dirhmun ah a dirnak hi a si rua, tiah ka ruah.

Satan pen Kawlngian nei hi!

Ka tial duhmi cu Democracy le Laimi kongkau a si caah, culei kongah cun hun imer cang usi law, 1962 kum thokin Kawlram cu hriamtlai hna nih hriam hmuahchih in uknak cu rak lak si kaw, nokchih uknak le tlaihhrem uknak  in 2010 kum tiang uk, a hung si. Nokchih uknak kha 1962 kum in an hun thok ahhin, hi vawleicung kan nun chungah socialism timi vancung khua kan ser lai ee…rak ti ciammam hna kaw, zei hngal lo zapi zaran cu kan lung a va thawh ning! Nain, zei nemmam cu dah, 1988 kum ah nokchih

                                                                        -2-

uknak kha hriamtlai thiamthiam hna nih an hun chuh ciammam hna i, cu nokchih uknak kum (26) chung a phichuak cu: Kawlram kha vawleicung ram a thangcho locem mi (Least Developed Country – LDC) ram (30) lakah ram pakhat dirhmun ah  aa chuah lawng hmanh si loin, ramdang hna sinah leiba $6 billion a rak ngei.

Cu hnu cun, chanthar hriamtlai hna nih 1988 kum thawkin Kawlram cu, “Chan a zuldoi khomi le a thangcho mi, mi tam-u duhnak in ukmi ram ah kan ser lai” ee…… tiah au le khuan buin an hun uk than.  Kumpi (22) chungtlaihhrem uknak in an hun uk hnuah 2010 kum November thla ah thimnak an hun tuah. Cu thimnak a phichuak cun 2011 kum April thla ah acozah thar a hung kai. Cu acozah thar nih cun 1996 kum thawkin an rak chuahpi duh ti lomi ram pumpi budget an hun ser i, an hun chuahpi tikahtlaihhrem uknak a muithlam cu a hung laang. Cu  ram pumpi budget  nih a hun langhter mi cu, tangka bau – deficit US$32 million a um lengah, ramdang batmi tangka US$7.373billion (Public debt estimated)  a hung si. GDP timi Gross Domestic Products) lei ah, Kawlram nih $71.773 billion  a si lioah, ram thangcho ah a telmi Australia ram cu, $1.57 trillion a si.  (www.irrawaddy.org le www.economyofburma.comle www.economyofaustralia.comhna  kha kau law zoh khawh a si).

Hi hriamtlai hna uknak kumpi (48) chung, anmah chan in chan (2) asiloah a tum in tum (2) chung a dih in a phichuak cu, an rak aukhuannak he khan zeihmanh aa kaihkawh mi a um lo i, pakpalawng lawngte a rak si ai.Kan rampi zong a ruhkhua (skeleton) lawng bak in a hung tang cang.Kanpu Ni Vung (nih hellram lei ah daiving a kan thut tak) hnu ah, kanpuBo 12* Caw Mang (amah zong daiving a thu ve cang), cu hnu ah kanpu Thang Sui, Mang Er le Khen Ngio (anih cu a rak tuhcia mi a theipar kha kum-7 chung a zun hnuah a hung chuak than cang), cu hnu ah kanpu Thang Cin tiin a hun ithleng lengmang. Mi tam-u duhnak lei a tanhtu kanpi Sung Ci belte ram uknak achak an tlaihter duh rih lo. Kan bochan bikmi amah ko hi, hmailei ah lam an hei onhpiak taktakte  hnga dik maw?

Hi hriamtlai hna kumpi (48) chung an rak uknak (asilo hmanhah an rak hremnak kan ti lai maw,zeidik?) nih Kawlram ah a chuahpi mi a phichuak le a muisam kha a tawinak in kan zoh hnik tuah lai.

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Bo 12* timi hi naa fianglo kho men. A tanglei ah hin zoh law na theihthiam ko lai.

2^nd Lt               =          Bo 1

Lt                    =          Bo 2

Capt                =          Bo 3

Maj                  =          Bo 4

Lt Col              =          Bo 5

Col                  =          Bo 6

Brig Gen         =          Bo 7

Maj  Gen         =          Bo 8

Lt Gen             =          Bo 9

Gen                 =          Bo 10

Vice Sr Gen    =          Bo 11

Sr Gen             =          Bo 12

                                                                        -3-       

Democracy tahfung

The Democracy Index 2011nih a tial ning tein Kawlram cu vawleicung democracy tahnak fung ahhin, ram (167) lakah ram (161) nak a si. A tanglei ahhin zoh usi:

No	Location	Index	Category	Nominal type of government
161	Myanmar (Burma)	1.77	Authoratarian regime	Unitary presidencial republic

Hi ahhin full marks cu (10) a si i, an thenning cu:

Full democracies:Hybrid regimes

□ 9 – 10 (marks)                                            □ 5 – 5.9 (marks)

□ 8 – 8.9 (marks)                                           □ 4 – 4.9 (marks)

Flawed democracies:Authoritarian regimes:

□ 7 – 7.9 (marks)                                           □ 3 – 3.9 (marks)

□ 6 – 6.9 (marks)                                           □ 2 – 2.9 (marks) 

□ No data                                                       □ 0 – 1.9 (marks) (hika zawn ahhinKawlram

cuaa tel)

(Source: The Democracy Index 2011)

Hi nih hin a kan hmuhsak mi cu: Kawlram cu democracy uknak lei tahfung ah pia 100 (fangkhat) chungah pia 17.70 lawnglawng a si, tinak a si.

Cu ram (167) lak ahcun full democracy a hmangmi ram cu ram (25) an si hna i, vawleicung ram thangchobik ram ah an itel hna. Zoh hmanh usi law:

No.	Location	Index	Category	Nominal type of government
1	Norway	9.80	Full democracy	Constitutional monarchy and parliamentray democracy, unicameralism
2	Iceland	9.65	Full democracy	Parliamentary republic and parliamentary democracy, unicameralism
3	Denmark	9.52	Full democracy	Consitutional monarchy and parliamentary democracy, unicameralism
4	Sweden	9.50	Full democracy	Constitution monarchy and parliamentary democracy, unicameralism
5	New Zealand	9.26	Full democracy	Consitution monarchy and parliamentary democracy, unicameralism
			-4-
6	Australia	9.22	Full democracy	Federalism, constitutional monarchy and parliamentary democracy, bicameralism
7	Switzerland	9.09	Full democracy	Federalism, directorial system, bicameralism
8	Canada	9.08	Full democracy	Federalism, constitutional monarchy and parliamentary democracy, bicameralism, semi-direct democracy
9	Finland	9.06	Full democracy	Parliamentary republic and parliamentary democracy, unicameralism
10	Netherlands	8.99	Full democracy	Constitutional monarchy, parliamentary democracy, bicameralism
11	Luxemburg	8.88	Full democracy	Consitutional monarchy and parliamentary democracy, unicameralism
12	Ireland	8.56	Full democracy	Parliamentary republic and parliamentary democracy, bicameralism
13	Austria	8.49	Full democracy	Federalism, parliamentary republic and parlismentary democracy, bicameralism
14	Germany	8.34	Full democracy	Federalism, parliamentary republic and parliamentary democracy, bicameralism
15	Malta	8.28	Full democracy	Parliamentary republic and parliamentary democracy, unicameralism
16	Czech Republic	8.19	Full democracy	Parliamentary republic and parliamentary democracy, bicameralism
17	Uruguay	8.17	Full democracy	Presidential system, bicameralism
18	United Kingdom	8.16	Full democracy	Constitutional monarchy and parliamentary democracy, bicameralism
19	United States	8.11	Full democracy	Federalism, constitutional republic, presidential system, bicameralism
			-5-
20	Costa Rica	8.10	Full democracy	Presidential system
21	Japan	8.08	Full democracy	Constitutional monarchy and parliamentary democracy, bicameralism
22	South Korea	8.06	Full democracy	Presidential system, unicameralism
23	Belgium	8.05	Full democracy	Federalism, constitutional monarchy and parliamentary democracy, bicameralism
24	Mauritius	8.04	Full democracy	Parliamentary republic and parliamentary democracy
25	Spain	8.02	Full democracy	Constitutional monarchy and parliamentary democracy, bicameralism

(Source: The Democracy Index 2011)

Yah pade, Seh loh

Hi lawng hin Kawlram cu aa za rih lo i, Transpanrency International timi bu nih 01/12/2011 ni ah an chuahmi, vawleicung ah ziknawh le eihmuar a thawngbik mi ram (183) cazin an chuahmi chungah, Kawlram cu,  athawngbik ram (4) chungah a tel. Amah he arsa a eiti  mi hna ram cu: Afghanistan, North Korea le Somalia ram hna an si. Hi lawng hlah, vawleicung ah ramkhel rian a tuanmi pawl thong a thlabik tu le, thawngpang zamhnak lei ah a khenkham bik tu ram zong a si chih rih. Cu rih hmanah, vawleicung ah rammi hna an covo an hmuh lo nak bik le an sungh cemnak ram zong a si fawn rih hoi. Cu vialte cu hriamtlai hna nih kumpi kum (48) chung nawnnok uknak in ram kha an tlaihhrem ruangah a phichuak mi an si hna. Cu bu ahcun Democracy timi biafang cu kathaw taktak in an hman, an aukhuang thiamthiam rih hoi.

Hi kumpi kum (48) uknak nih a chuahpi mi Lairam a muisam hna lakah pakhat  cu: Sayaci Huat Chum nih Muko mekazin, December 2008chuahmi, cahmai 66 ah, “Miphun a lianhngantertu cu dinnak a si. Sikan ngeih le dinfelnak nih zei paoh a tuah khawh i a tei khawh. Kannih cu dinfelnak (dinfel lonak?) le tangka nih camipuai a chek i, mizaw zong a zoh.Bia a ceih i rian zong a pek hna. Nawl ngeitu cu tangka bak a si ko. Sifak santlailo cu zeitluk an fim an thiam zongah camipuai an sung i an dam kho ti  lo. Rian zong an hmu lo i, tazacuainak ah an sung zungzal. A dik lomi riantuantu smuggler tangka ngei nih nawl an ngei cang. Hakha khualipi zong tangli awng lawng nih an uk ko, an ti”…..tiah a tialmi hi pheh awk thalo le alawk thalo a diktakmi thil sining taktak an si ko rua.

Hakha khualipi zong tangli awng lawng nih an uk ko, an ti…. ati tikah, cu zawn ahcun  a fiang ko mi cu: Hakha cu Chin State khualipibik cu si kaw, cu khualipibik ahcun Chin

                                                                        -6-

State a uktubik pa cu Hakha khua ah a ummi le khua a sami mifim, mithiam, khuanu khuapa le khuaruat kho upa vialte an ruahnak le an thiam, an fimnak kha zei ah a rel ti lo i, tangka in zeiknawh mi lawnglawng kha a duh cang caah, nawl ngeitu cu tangka bak a sinak kha fiang tein a langhter. Hi muisam hi kumpi kum (48) chung a diklo mi uknak nih a chuahpi mi hmanthlak pakhat cu a si.

Adang hmanthlak pakhat ve ah, Kawlram cu ram sifak taktak le ram thangcholo taktak (a taktak le a ngaingai ti ahcun, hawi ramdang pawl hmailei an kal thluahmah lioah, Kawlram tu cu a hnulei ah thawn ngiahmah in a kirmi ram, tiah ti khawh a si. Abiana pakhat te hei la usilaw, “Naypyidaw” timi a sullam taktak “siangpahrang khua” ah a um mi township khua pawl an min khi zoh hmanh! Kan hnulei kum thongkhat lio ah an rak hmanmi Pali ca le holh lawngte a si kha mu! Cu chinchap ah, Chin State cu Kawlram chung state le division vialte lakah asi a fakbik division a si rih fawn. Vawleiri bakin a vakmi ramkulh kan ti khawh men lai. Cuti a si bu ahcun ziknawh lei ah a thawngbik kan si men lai tiah ka ruah. Kan si a fak thlakthlak ah eihmuar kan thawnning hi a tanglei http://khonumthungburmese.orgnih29^th September 2011 ni ah a tialmi, a tanglei ah tlawmpal tein ka hun langhter hmanh lai.

Kan Lairam a hmanthlak cheukhat

(a)    Receipt tel loin tangka kholh:

-          Pungsan (17) lak a duhmi sinah Ks 20,000 kholh a si.

-          Ngunkhuai kholh ding auhnak ah file fimhlom man tiah, Ks 2,000 in a cunglei thlafatin kholh a si.

-          Innhmun tah piak tikah a tlawmbik Ks 20,000 in a cunglei duhzat tangka kholh a si.

-          Innsak duhnak  nawl hal tikah mah duhzat kholh a si.

-          Inn sak khawhnak nawl a dotdot hmuh khawhnak caah a tlawmbik tangka thongsawm (hme) in a nganlei  mah duhzat kholh a si.

-          Vawlei hlanman a nun khawhnak ca le, a thar in tuahnak caah duhzat kholh a si.

-          Inn hmanmi telephone le electricity remhnak ah Ks 2,000 in a cunglei kholh a si.

      (b)Receipt telmi caah tangka tamdeuh in kholh:

       -    Mawtawka laisen a nunnak chap duh tikah receipt chung tialmi nakin tamdeuh kholh a si. (Mawtawka laisen nunchap ter tikah receipt ahcun Ks 1,700/- a si nain a taktak ahcun Ks 19,000 in Ks 25,000 kar an kholh).

       -    Khuapi chung vawlei hlanman an kholh tikah receipt chung tialmi nakin a let 30 an kholh.

       -    Inn ah hmanmi telephone bill kha, a dikmi taktak nakin Ks 500/- tamdeuh  in an kholh.

       -    Mawtawka laisen a sawk kho lomi hna sin ah tangka an eihmuar hna.

       (c) Tuanchuah tunglo piin tangka an kholh:

       -    Dinti zaa lakin pek fawn tunglo ah inndong pakhat ahkumkhat caah Ks 8000/- kholh a si.

-           Lamcung meicaan hmante in pek fawn tunglo ah inndong pakhat ah kumkhatcaah Ks 3000/- kholh a si.

                                                                        -7-

       -    Hnomtam pawl ruhpiak tungloah inndong pakhat ah kumkhat caah Ks 3000/- kholh a si.

Hi lengah 02/10/2011ni ah http://khonumthungburmese.org ah an tialmi cu:

-          Hakha khualipi chung, sa a thattu hna nih sa an thah tikah a cuai tlinglo in an zuar.

-          Cu an zuarmi sa lakah cheukhat cu a zawmi saram an si.

-          Sa cuaikhat kan cawk tikah kan tah/thlai  than i, kiap 75 lawnglawng a si.

-          Ziah, cuai a tlinglo piin nan kan zorh kan ti tik hna ah, sa kan thah fatinte hi Sipin Taya, saram siibawi le palik hna kha, cuai (2) duahmah in kan ziknawh hna…tiah an kan ti, ti a si.

Zoh hmanh hawidawt, hi thil a cangmi hi democracy in thimnak kan tuah cang ee… an ti hnu ah dah kaw a si cu! Thimnak an tuah hlanpi, 1995 in 1998 hrawnghrang ah khin, keimah pumpak ka theih bal mi cu: Hmatpungtin le Inndongsu cazin he aa pehtlai in rian kan fial  tik hna ah, Kawlram chungah ziknawh a tamceu a la mi cu, Hakha khua ah a si ee…an rak ti bal. A hman le hmanlo tu cu ka thei ve lo. Hi vialte thil dawhdanglo taktak a cannak a ruangpi le a hrampi taktak cu kan ram uknak aa ningcanglo ruang le, cu a ruangpi nih a hun chuahpi mi an si rua, tiah ka ruah. “Satan pen Kawlngian nei hi!” timi bia kakhat te nih hin kan rampuluk cu a zelh dih cang lengah, din awk thalo tithur taktak ah a kan chiah cangmi hi a si ko lai.

Cucaah, atu cu thimnak zong tuah a si cang, uknak zong a hun ithleng cang, mithar tete zong nawl an rak ngeih cang caah, Democracy le Laimi hi zeiti phun khin dah, kan va ilak khawh, kan va tep khawh, kan tuanvo a um bantukin kan covo hna zong hi zeidah an si….ti lei kha a ra laimi”Democracy le Laimi (2)” ah kan ceihmai te lai. Hi vial rih seh.

F.Lai Len

17^th January 2012.