VAWLEI RALPI PAKHATNAK (1914 – 1918)

1. Ralpi A Chuahnak Konglam

          Vawlei cung um ram rum pawl pakhat le pakhat an i zuamcawhnak cu kum zabu 20 a phak tikah cun a rak `hang chin thluahmah. Cuti ram rum pawl an i zuamcawhnak nih Vawlei Ralpi Pakhatnak a rak chuakter. Vawlei Ralpi Pakhatnak a chuahnak a ruang hna cu:                   (a) Colonyram kawl i cuhnak, (b) phun`anh lungthin a rak `hawn tuk ruang, (c) `ang`i bu ser ah i zuamcawhnak le (d) hriamnaam lei i zuamcawhnak hna an si.

(a) Colonyram Kawl I Cuhnak

            Kum zabu 19 laifang tiangah Englandram cu hnipuan, hmanmi thilri hna le seh thilri phuntling kha a tam bik a ser i a tambik a zuartu a rak si. Kum zabu 19 donghlei tu ahcun thilri chuahnak lei ah England zuamcawhtu Germanyram a rak chuak. Ramkhel lei in i rualremnak a rak um hnu ah Germanyram chung sehlei rian`uannak cu rang tukin a rak `hangcho. Cuticun, minung hman ding thilri pawl kha hawi nak sining sang deuhin le tam deuhin a rak ser khawh. Asinain a sermi thilri pawl cu vawlei cung market ah a zuar kho hna lo. A ruang cu tangka hram tampi a ngeimi ram rum England le France hna nih vawlei cung market cu anmah duhduh in an rak uk khawh cang caah a si. Cu caah Germany nih cun Africa Lei`hen ah thil zuar khawhnak ding market an rak i kawl hmasa.

            Kum 1890 ah Prime Minister a rak `uanmi Caprivi chan ahcun German hna nih  Tulukram ummi Shandong, Pacific Rilipi ummi Carolonas le Marianas tikulh hna kha an rak laak hna. Kum 1898 ah Germany le Turkey nih minsen an rak thutmi hnatlaaknak catlap ningin Berlin khua le Baghdad khua a pehtlaih khotu tlaanglawng lam an rak ser. Cuti i Nichuah Laifang (Middle East) ah German pawl an rak luh khawh i hmunhma an van ngeih khawhmi cu Mirang pawl an thin a rak phang tuk. Cu caan thawkin cun England le Germany cu Colonyram i cuhnak lei an i zuamcawhnak in i rem lonak  faakpi a chuahter.

            France le Germany hna i an i zuamcawhnak ah chawkhel lei he ramkhel lei he aa cawhkalh ngai. France hi Asia le Africa Lei`hen hna ah Colonyram tampi a rak ngeimi ram a si. Germany nih cu ram le hmunhma hna ah hmunhma kawl aa van i timh tikah cun France le Germany cu ral ah an cang ve.

            Kum 1870 ah a rak cangmi Franco – Prussia Ral a rak dih hnu ah German sinah a rak sunghmi Alsace le Lorraine ram hna zong cu France nih rak laak khawh `han a rak duh. Cu lengah a ramri i ummi Saar ram um lung meihol khur hna zong cu seh lei rian`uannak caah rak laak a rak duh fawn. Hi ram hna cu rak ngah kho hna sehlaw cu France cu chawkhel lei ah a `hawng`ha ngai lai i Europepi cu tangka thazaang in huphip khawhnak a rak ngei kho ding a si.

            Russia le Austria hna i an i zuamcawhnak zong kan hmuh khawh rih fawn. Russia nih Constantipole khua le a dang Turkeyram um khua le ram zeimawzat cu laak khawh le uk khawh aa van i zuam. Cu bantuk Russia aa zuamnak cu Austria nih a rak duh hrim lo. Cu lengah, Russia le Austria nih cun Balkan hmunhma um ram hna he chaw lehthalnak ah anmah lawng nih tuah khawh ding an i zuam veve.

            Hi bantuk in Colonyram hna i cuh ngai in ram rum hna nih an van kawl cuahmahnak cu Vawlei Ralpi Pakhatnak a chuahtertu thil pakhat a hung si.

(b) Phun~anh Lungthin A ~hawn Tuknak

            Mah miphun `anh duhnak thinlung a rak `hawn tukmi hi Vawlei Ralpi Pakhatnak a rak chuahtertu a rak si ve. German le French miphun hna hi mah miphun lawng `anh duhnak thinlung a rak `hawng tuk hringhranmi an rak si. Kum 1870 ah France nih Germany a rak tei lo ruangah Alsace le Lorraine ram hna kha a rak pek hna; cu a sunghmi ram hna cu aa lungsi lo caah France nih laak khawh `han a rak duh peng. Germany zong nih Frence kha tei `han nolh peng a duh ve fawn.

            Europe nichuahlei um Slav miphun hna i an miphun dawtnak le `anhnak lungthin cu a rak `hawng tuk ve. Slav miphun tampi cu Austria – Hungary uknak tangah an rak um. Caah cu Slav miphun hna cu Austria – Hungary uknak tangin luatnak an hmuh khawh nakhnga faakpi in an rak i zuam. Cu i zuamnak cu Serbiaram nih a rak hruai hna. Slav miphun pawl he an phun aa khatmi Russiaram nih Serbia cu tha a rak pek ngai. Cu bantuk `hiam`hiam in Slav miphun cheukhat hna cu Turkeyram kut tangah an rak tla fawn. Cu hna zong cu Turkish hna kut tangin an luat khawh nakhnga an i zuamnak cu Russia nih a bawmh ngai fawn hna. Cuticun, Serbia le Russia kha dangkhat, Austria, Hungary le Turkey hna cu dangkhat ti in an rak i rem lo.